/* ==========================================================================
   Yuxiang Zhou — Personal Research Portfolio Design System (modern.css)
   Aesthetic: Editorial Research Monograph (Warm Alabaster, Deep Ink, Cobalt)
   ========================================================================== */

:root {
  /* Color Tokens — Light Mode (Default: Warm Editorial Alabaster) */
  --bg-canvas: hsl(40, 25%, 97.5%);
  --bg-surface: hsl(0, 0%, 100%);
  --bg-subtle: hsl(38, 20%, 94%);
  --bg-muted: hsl(36, 16%, 90%);
  --bg-glass: hsla(40, 25%, 97.5%, 0.86);
  --bg-code: hsl(220, 25%, 11%);

  --text-primary: hsl(222, 38%, 11%);
  --text-secondary: hsl(218, 17%, 32%);
  --text-muted: hsl(216, 13%, 48%);
  --text-faint: hsl(215, 12%, 62%);

  --accent-primary: hsl(218, 84%, 46%);
  --accent-hover: hsl(218, 88%, 38%);
  --accent-subtle: hsl(217, 90%, 96%);
  --accent-border: hsl(217, 78%, 84%);

  --badge-robotics-bg: hsl(217, 92%, 96%);
  --badge-robotics-text: hsl(218, 82%, 40%);
  --badge-robotics-border: hsl(217, 80%, 86%);

  --badge-vision-bg: hsl(164, 55%, 95%);
  --badge-vision-text: hsl(166, 72%, 26%);
  --badge-vision-border: hsl(164, 50%, 82%);

  --badge-cite-bg: hsl(38, 70%, 95%);
  --badge-cite-text: hsl(32, 80%, 30%);
  --badge-cite-border: hsl(36, 65%, 83%);

  --border-hairline: hsl(36, 15%, 87%);
  --border-strong: hsl(36, 15%, 78%);

  /* Shadows */
  --shadow-xs: 0 1px 2px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.03);
  --shadow-sm: 0 2px 6px -1px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.05), 0 1px 3px -1px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.03);
  --shadow-md: 0 10px 28px -6px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.07), 0 4px 10px -3px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.04);
  --shadow-lg: 0 20px 44px -10px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.10), 0 8px 18px -6px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.05);

  /* Typography */
  --font-serif: 'Newsreader', Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;
  --font-sans: 'Plus Jakarta Sans', -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, sans-serif;
  --font-mono: 'JetBrains Mono', ui-monospace, SFMono-Regular, Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, monospace;

  /* Layout & Spacing */
  --container-max: 1180px;
  --radius-sm: 6px;
  --radius-md: 10px;
  --radius-lg: 14px;
  --radius-xl: 18px;
  --radius-pill: 9999px;

  --transition-fast: 160ms cubic-bezier(0.22, 1, 0.36, 1);
  --transition-smooth: 280ms cubic-bezier(0.22, 1, 0.36, 1);
}

[data-theme="dark"] {
  --bg-canvas: hsl(222, 24%, 8%);
  --bg-surface: hsl(222, 21%, 11.5%);
  --bg-subtle: hsl(220, 19%, 15%);
  --bg-muted: hsl(220, 17%, 19%);
  --bg-glass: hsla(222, 24%, 8%, 0.86);
  --bg-code: hsl(224, 28%, 7%);

  --text-primary: hsl(40, 20%, 95%);
  --text-secondary: hsl(215, 16%, 74%);
  --text-muted: hsl(215, 13%, 56%);
  --text-faint: hsl(215, 11%, 42%);

  --accent-primary: hsl(214, 92%, 65%);
  --accent-hover: hsl(214, 96%, 73%);
  --accent-subtle: hsla(214, 90%, 60%, 0.13);
  --accent-border: hsla(214, 85%, 65%, 0.32);

  --badge-robotics-bg: hsla(214, 90%, 60%, 0.14);
  --badge-robotics-text: hsl(213, 94%, 76%);
  --badge-robotics-border: hsla(214, 85%, 65%, 0.3);

  --badge-vision-bg: hsla(164, 70%, 45%, 0.14);
  --badge-vision-text: hsl(164, 75%, 70%);
  --badge-vision-border: hsla(164, 70%, 50%, 0.3);

  --badge-cite-bg: hsla(38, 85%, 55%, 0.14);
  --badge-cite-text: hsl(38, 90%, 74%);
  --badge-cite-border: hsla(38, 85%, 55%, 0.3);

  --border-hairline: hsl(220, 17%, 18.5%);
  --border-strong: hsl(220, 16%, 26%);

  --shadow-xs: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25);
  --shadow-sm: 0 2px 8px -1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.35);
  --shadow-md: 0 12px 32px -6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.45);
  --shadow-lg: 0 22px 48px -10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.6);
}

/* ==========================================================================
   Base & Reset
   ========================================================================== */
*, *::before, *::after {
  box-sizing: border-box;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
}

html {
  scroll-behavior: smooth;
  scroll-padding-top: 88px;
  font-size: 16px;
  -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;
}

body {
  background-color: var(--bg-canvas);
  color: var(--text-primary);
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  line-height: 1.65;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
  -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
  transition: background-color var(--transition-smooth), color var(--transition-smooth);
  overflow-x: hidden;
}

/* Subtle paper grain & top ambient light */
body::before {
  content: "";
  position: fixed;
  inset: 0;
  pointer-events: none;
  z-index: -1;
  background: radial-gradient(1100px 420px at 50% -120px, var(--accent-subtle), transparent 70%);
  opacity: 0.7;
}

a {
  color: inherit;
  text-decoration: none;
  transition: color var(--transition-fast);
}

img, video {
  max-width: 100%;
  display: block;
}

button {
  font: inherit;
  color: inherit;
  background: none;
  border: none;
  cursor: pointer;
}

.container {
  max-width: var(--container-max);
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 0 clamp(1.25rem, 4vw, 2.5rem);
}

/* ==========================================================================
   Navigation Header
   ========================================================================== */
.site-header {
  position: sticky;
  top: 0;
  z-index: 100;
  background: var(--bg-glass);
  backdrop-filter: blur(14px);
  -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(14px);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-hairline);
  transition: background-color var(--transition-smooth), border-color var(--transition-smooth);
}

.nav-inner {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  height: 70px;
  gap: 1.5rem;
}

.brand {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: baseline;
  gap: 0.6rem;
}

.brand-name {
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-size: 1.35rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: -0.02em;
  color: var(--text-primary);
}

.brand-cn {
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  color: var(--text-muted);
  letter-spacing: 0.06em;
}

.nav-links {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.25rem;
  list-style: none;
}

.nav-link {
  padding: 0.45rem 0.85rem;
  font-size: 0.88rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  color: var(--text-secondary);
  border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
  transition: color var(--transition-fast), background-color var(--transition-fast);
}

.nav-link:hover,
.nav-link.active {
  color: var(--text-primary);
  background-color: var(--bg-subtle);
}

.nav-actions {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.6rem;
}

.theme-toggle,
.mobile-menu-btn {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  width: 38px;
  height: 38px;
  border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
  border: 1px solid var(--border-hairline);
  background: var(--bg-surface);
  color: var(--text-secondary);
  transition: all var(--transition-fast);
}

.theme-toggle:hover,
.mobile-menu-btn:hover {
  color: var(--text-primary);
  border-color: var(--border-strong);
  transform: translateY(-1px);
}

.mobile-menu-btn {
  display: none;
}

.mobile-drawer {
  display: none;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--border-hairline);
  background: var(--bg-surface);
  padding: 0.85rem 1.25rem 1.25rem;
}

.mobile-drawer.open {
  display: block;
}

.mobile-drawer a {
  display: block;
  padding: 0.65rem 0.5rem;
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  color: var(--text-secondary);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-hairline);
}

.mobile-drawer a:last-child {
  border-bottom: none;
}

/* ==========================================================================
   Hero / Profile Section
   ========================================================================== */
.hero {
  padding: clamp(3rem, 7vw, 5.5rem) 0 clamp(2.5rem, 5vw, 4rem);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-hairline);
}

.hero-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) 310px;
  gap: clamp(2rem, 3.5vw, 3.25rem);
  align-items: start;
}

.eyebrow {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.55rem;
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: 0.76rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.09em;
  color: var(--accent-primary);
  margin-bottom: 1.1rem;
}

.eyebrow-dot {
  width: 7px;
  height: 7px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background-color: var(--accent-primary);
}

.hero-title {
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-size: clamp(2.6rem, 5vw, 4rem);
  font-weight: 500;
  line-height: 1.08;
  letter-spacing: -0.03em;
  color: var(--text-primary);
  margin-bottom: 0.65rem;
}

.hero-title-cn {
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-size: clamp(1.15rem, 2vw, 1.4rem);
  font-weight: 400;
  color: var(--text-muted);
  margin-left: 0.5rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
}

.hero-subtitle {
  font-size: 1.02rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  color: var(--text-secondary);
  margin-bottom: 1.4rem;
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.4rem 0.6rem;
}

.hero-subtitle-sep {
  color: var(--border-strong);
}

.hero-lead {
  font-size: 1.03rem;
  color: var(--text-secondary);
  line-height: 1.75;
  max-width: 66ch;
  margin-bottom: 1.1rem;
}

.hero-lead strong {
  color: var(--text-primary);
  font-weight: 600;
}

.hero-lead a {
  color: var(--accent-primary);
  text-decoration: underline;
  text-decoration-color: var(--accent-border);
  text-underline-offset: 3px;
}

.hero-lead a:hover {
  text-decoration-color: var(--accent-primary);
}

/* Action Bar */
.hero-actions {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.55rem;
  margin-top: 1.75rem;
  margin-bottom: 2.25rem;
}

.btn {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.42rem;
  padding: 0.52rem 0.84rem;
  font-size: 0.82rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
  border: 1px solid transparent;
  transition: all var(--transition-fast);
  white-space: nowrap;
}

.btn-primary {
  background-color: var(--text-primary);
  color: var(--bg-canvas);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-xs);
}

.btn-primary:hover {
  background-color: var(--accent-primary);
  color: #ffffff;
  transform: translateY(-1px);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
}

.btn-secondary {
  background-color: var(--bg-surface);
  color: var(--text-primary);
  border-color: var(--border-hairline);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-xs);
}

.btn-secondary:hover {
  border-color: var(--border-strong);
  background-color: var(--bg-subtle);
  transform: translateY(-1px);
}

/* Metrics Strip */
.metrics-strip {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(4, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: 1px;
  background-color: var(--border-hairline);
  border: 1px solid var(--border-hairline);
  border-radius: var(--radius-md);
  overflow: hidden;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-xs);
}

.metric-cell {
  background-color: var(--bg-surface);
  padding: 0.95rem 1.1rem;
}

.metric-value {
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-size: 1.65rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  line-height: 1.15;
  color: var(--text-primary);
  font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
}

.metric-label {
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: 0.7rem;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.06em;
  color: var(--text-muted);
  margin-top: 0.2rem;
}

/* Portrait Card */
.portrait-card {
  background: var(--bg-surface);
  border: 1px solid var(--border-hairline);
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  padding: 0.75rem;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
}

.portrait-frame {
  position: relative;
  border-radius: var(--radius-md);
  overflow: hidden;
  aspect-ratio: 1 / 1.05;
  background: var(--bg-subtle);
}

.portrait-frame img {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
  object-position: 62% 58%;
  transition: transform 0.6s cubic-bezier(0.22, 1, 0.36, 1);
}

.portrait-card:hover .portrait-frame img {
  transform: scale(1.03);
}

.portrait-caption {
  padding: 0.85rem 0.4rem 0.25rem;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 0.35rem;
}

.portrait-meta-row {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  font-size: 0.8rem;
  color: var(--text-secondary);
  font-weight: 500;
}

.portrait-meta-row i {
  color: var(--accent-primary);
  margin-right: 0.4rem;
}

.portrait-location {
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: 0.73rem;
  color: var(--text-muted);
}

/* ==========================================================================
   Section Common Styling
   ========================================================================== */
.section {
  padding: clamp(3.5rem, 6vw, 5.5rem) 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-hairline);
}

.section-alt {
  background-color: var(--bg-subtle);
}

.section-header {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  align-items: flex-end;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 1.25rem;
  margin-bottom: 2.5rem;
}

.section-index {
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: 0.74rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.1em;
  color: var(--accent-primary);
  display: block;
  margin-bottom: 0.4rem;
}

.section-title {
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-size: clamp(1.85rem, 3.2vw, 2.45rem);
  font-weight: 500;
  line-height: 1.15;
  letter-spacing: -0.025em;
  color: var(--text-primary);
}

.section-desc {
  font-size: 0.96rem;
  color: var(--text-muted);
  max-width: 54ch;
  margin-top: 0.35rem;
}

/* ==========================================================================
   Research Pillars Section
   ========================================================================== */
.pillars-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: 1.25rem;
}

.pillar-card {
  background: var(--bg-surface);
  border: 1px solid var(--border-hairline);
  border-radius: var(--radius-md);
  padding: 1.65rem;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  justify-content: space-between;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-xs);
  transition: transform var(--transition-smooth), box-shadow var(--transition-smooth), border-color var(--transition-smooth);
}

.pillar-card:hover {
  transform: translateY(-2px);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
  border-color: var(--border-strong);
}

.pillar-num {
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--accent-primary);
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  margin-bottom: 0.85rem;
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.5rem;
}

.pillar-num::after {
  content: "";
  height: 1px;
  width: 28px;
  background-color: var(--accent-border);
}

.pillar-title {
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-size: 1.32rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  line-height: 1.28;
  color: var(--text-primary);
  margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}

.pillar-body {
  font-size: 0.91rem;
  color: var(--text-secondary);
  line-height: 1.65;
  margin-bottom: 1.35rem;
}

.pillar-tags {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 0.4rem;
  margin-top: auto;
  padding-top: 1rem;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--border-hairline);
}

.tag-chip {
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: 0.71rem;
  padding: 0.22rem 0.55rem;
  border-radius: 4px;
  background: var(--bg-subtle);
  color: var(--text-secondary);
  border: 1px solid var(--border-hairline);
}

/* ==========================================================================
   Experience & Education Ledger
   ========================================================================== */
.cv-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1.15fr 0.85fr;
  gap: 2.5rem;
}

.cv-column-title {
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.09em;
  color: var(--text-muted);
  padding-bottom: 0.85rem;
  margin-bottom: 1.25rem;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-strong);
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
}

.ledger-list {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 0.9rem;
}

.ledger-item {
  background: var(--bg-surface);
  border: 1px solid var(--border-hairline);
  border-radius: var(--radius-md);
  padding: 1.25rem 1.4rem;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-xs);
  transition: border-color var(--transition-fast), box-shadow var(--transition-fast);
}

.ledger-item:hover {
  border-color: var(--border-strong);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
}

.ledger-top {
  display: flex;
  align-items: flex-start;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 1rem;
  margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

.ledger-org-wrap {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.75rem;
}

.ledger-logos {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.35rem;
  flex-shrink: 0;
}

.ledger-logo {
  width: 30px;
  height: 30px;
  object-fit: contain;
  border-radius: 6px;
  background: #ffffff;
  padding: 3px;
  border: 1px solid var(--border-hairline);
}

.ledger-role {
  font-size: 1.02rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--text-primary);
  line-height: 1.3;
}

.ledger-org {
  font-size: 0.88rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--accent-primary);
}

.ledger-date {
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: 0.73rem;
  color: var(--text-muted);
  white-space: nowrap;
  padding: 0.2rem 0.55rem;
  background: var(--bg-subtle);
  border-radius: 4px;
  border: 1px solid var(--border-hairline);
}

.ledger-desc {
  font-size: 0.875rem;
  color: var(--text-secondary);
  line-height: 1.6;
  margin-top: 0.55rem;
}

/* ==========================================================================
   Publications Toolbar (Filter Pills & Live Search)
   ========================================================================== */
.pub-controls {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 1rem;
  background: var(--bg-surface);
  border: 1px solid var(--border-hairline);
  border-radius: var(--radius-md);
  padding: 0.75rem 0.9rem;
  margin-bottom: 1.75rem;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-xs);
}

.filter-tabs {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 0.35rem;
}

.filter-btn {
  padding: 0.45rem 0.85rem;
  font-size: 0.82rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--text-secondary);
  border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
  transition: all var(--transition-fast);
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.4rem;
}

.filter-btn:hover {
  color: var(--text-primary);
  background: var(--bg-subtle);
}

.filter-btn.active {
  background: var(--text-primary);
  color: var(--bg-canvas);
}

.filter-count {
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: 0.7rem;
  opacity: 0.75;
}

.search-box {
  position: relative;
  min-width: 250px;
  flex: 0 1 300px;
}

.search-box i {
  position: absolute;
  left: 0.75rem;
  top: 50%;
  transform: translateY(-50%);
  font-size: 0.8rem;
  color: var(--text-muted);
  pointer-events: none;
}

.search-input {
  width: 100%;
  padding: 0.48rem 2rem 0.48rem 2.15rem;
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-size: 0.84rem;
  color: var(--text-primary);
  background: var(--bg-subtle);
  border: 1px solid var(--border-hairline);
  border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
  outline: none;
  transition: border-color var(--transition-fast), background-color var(--transition-fast);
}

.search-input:focus {
  background: var(--bg-surface);
  border-color: var(--accent-primary);
}

.search-clear {
  position: absolute;
  right: 0.5rem;
  top: 50%;
  transform: translateY(-50%);
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  color: var(--text-muted);
  padding: 0.2rem;
  display: none;
}

.search-clear.visible {
  display: inline-flex;
}

/* ==========================================================================
   Publication Cards
   ========================================================================== */
.pub-list {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 1.15rem;
}

.pub-card {
  background: var(--bg-surface);
  border: 1px solid var(--border-hairline);
  border-radius: var(--radius-md);
  padding: 1.45rem;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 260px;
  gap: 1.75rem;
  align-items: start;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-xs);
  transition: transform var(--transition-smooth), box-shadow var(--transition-smooth), border-color var(--transition-smooth);
}

.pub-card:hover {
  border-color: var(--border-strong);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
}

.pub-card.hidden-item {
  display: none;
}

.pub-meta-bar {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.45rem;
  margin-bottom: 0.6rem;
}

.venue-badge {
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: 0.72rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: 0.03em;
  padding: 0.2rem 0.58rem;
  border-radius: 4px;
  background: var(--badge-robotics-bg);
  color: var(--badge-robotics-text);
  border: 1px solid var(--badge-robotics-border);
}

.venue-badge.vision {
  background: var(--badge-vision-bg);
  color: var(--badge-vision-text);
  border-color: var(--badge-vision-border);
}

.cite-badge {
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: 0.7rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  padding: 0.18rem 0.52rem;
  border-radius: 4px;
  background: var(--badge-cite-bg);
  color: var(--badge-cite-text);
  border: 1px solid var(--badge-cite-border);
}

.role-badge {
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: 0.69rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  padding: 0.18rem 0.5rem;
  border-radius: 4px;
  background: var(--bg-subtle);
  color: var(--text-muted);
  border: 1px solid var(--border-hairline);
}

.pub-title {
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-size: 1.25rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  line-height: 1.32;
  color: var(--text-primary);
  margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

.pub-title a:hover {
  color: var(--accent-primary);
}

.pub-authors {
  font-size: 0.89rem;
  color: var(--text-secondary);
  line-height: 1.55;
  margin-bottom: 0.55rem;
}

.author-self {
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--text-primary);
  text-decoration: underline;
  text-decoration-color: var(--accent-primary);
  text-decoration-thickness: 2px;
  text-underline-offset: 3px;
}

.pub-summary {
  font-size: 0.855rem;
  color: var(--text-muted);
  line-height: 1.55;
  margin-bottom: 0.9rem;
}

.pub-links {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.45rem;
  margin-top: 0.75rem;
}

.pub-btn {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.38rem;
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: 0.73rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  padding: 0.34rem 0.7rem;
  border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
  background: var(--bg-subtle);
  color: var(--text-secondary);
  border: 1px solid var(--border-hairline);
  transition: all var(--transition-fast);
}

.pub-btn:hover {
  background: var(--text-primary);
  color: var(--bg-canvas);
  border-color: var(--text-primary);
}

.pub-btn.copied {
  background: hsl(152, 68%, 32%);
  color: #ffffff;
  border-color: hsl(152, 68%, 32%);
}

/* Inline Collapsible BibTeX Drawer */
.bibtex-drawer {
  display: none;
  margin-top: 0.85rem;
  background: var(--bg-code);
  color: #e2e8f0;
  border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
  padding: 0.85rem 1rem;
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: 0.73rem;
  line-height: 1.55;
  overflow-x: auto;
  border: 1px solid var(--border-strong);
}

.bibtex-drawer.open {
  display: block;
}

.bibtex-drawer pre {
  margin: 0;
  white-space: pre-wrap;
  word-break: break-word;
}

/* Thumbnail Container */
.pub-media {
  width: 100%;
  aspect-ratio: 16 / 10;
  border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
  overflow: hidden;
  background: var(--bg-subtle);
  border: 1px solid var(--border-hairline);
  position: relative;
}

.pub-media img,
.pub-media video,
.pub-media svg {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
  transition: transform 0.45s cubic-bezier(0.22, 1, 0.36, 1);
}

.pub-card:hover .pub-media img,
.pub-card:hover .pub-media video {
  transform: scale(1.04);
}

.pub-empty-state {
  display: none;
  text-align: center;
  padding: 3rem 1.5rem;
  background: var(--bg-surface);
  border: 1px dashed var(--border-strong);
  border-radius: var(--radius-md);
  color: var(--text-muted);
}

/* ==========================================================================
   Patents & Thesis Grid
   ========================================================================== */
.patents-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: 1.25rem;
}

.patent-card {
  background: var(--bg-surface);
  border: 1px solid var(--border-hairline);
  border-radius: var(--radius-md);
  padding: 1.4rem;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  justify-content: space-between;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-xs);
  transition: border-color var(--transition-fast), box-shadow var(--transition-fast);
}

.patent-card:hover {
  border-color: var(--border-strong);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
}

.patent-type {
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: 0.72rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.06em;
  color: var(--accent-primary);
  margin-bottom: 0.55rem;
}

.patent-title {
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-size: 1.14rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  line-height: 1.32;
  color: var(--text-primary);
  margin-bottom: 0.55rem;
}

.patent-authors {
  font-size: 0.84rem;
  color: var(--text-secondary);
  margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.patent-footer {
  margin-top: auto;
  padding-top: 0.85rem;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--border-hairline);
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: 0.73rem;
  color: var(--text-muted);
}

/* ==========================================================================
   Footer & Contact
   ========================================================================== */
.site-footer {
  padding: clamp(3.5rem, 6vw, 5rem) 0 3rem;
  background: var(--bg-surface);
}

.footer-card {
  background: var(--bg-subtle);
  border: 1px solid var(--border-hairline);
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  padding: clamp(2rem, 4vw, 3rem);
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 2rem;
  margin-bottom: 2.5rem;
}

.footer-heading {
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-size: clamp(1.65rem, 3vw, 2.2rem);
  font-weight: 500;
  color: var(--text-primary);
  margin-bottom: 0.45rem;
}

.footer-sub {
  font-size: 0.96rem;
  color: var(--text-secondary);
  max-width: 50ch;
}

.footer-bottom {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 1rem;
  padding-top: 1.5rem;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--border-hairline);
  font-size: 0.83rem;
  color: var(--text-muted);
}

.footer-socials {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 1.1rem;
}

.footer-socials a {
  color: var(--text-secondary);
  font-weight: 500;
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.35rem;
}

.footer-socials a:hover {
  color: var(--accent-primary);
}

/* ==========================================================================
   Toast Notification
   ========================================================================== */
.toast {
  position: fixed;
  bottom: 1.5rem;
  right: 1.5rem;
  z-index: 200;
  background: var(--text-primary);
  color: var(--bg-canvas);
  padding: 0.75rem 1.15rem;
  border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.55rem;
  transform: translateY(120%);
  opacity: 0;
  pointer-events: none;
  transition: transform var(--transition-smooth), opacity var(--transition-smooth);
}

.toast.visible {
  transform: translateY(0);
  opacity: 1;
}

/* ==========================================================================
   Responsive Breakpoints
   ========================================================================== */
@media (max-width: 960px) {
  .hero-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .portrait-card {
    max-width: 320px;
    order: -1;
  }

  .pillars-grid,
  .patents-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .cv-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .nav-links {
    display: none;
  }

  .mobile-menu-btn {
    display: inline-flex;
  }

  .metrics-strip {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  }

  .pub-card {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .pub-media {
    order: -1;
    max-width: 100%;
  }

  .search-box {
    flex: 1 1 100%;
  }
}